Autocut DC Mini IPS for DC 12V Load

If you are looking for a reliable Autocut DC Mini IPS for DC 12V loads, this project will help you design an efficient power backup system. This system automatically controls battery charging and power output, ensuring smooth operation for your DC devices. Below, we will explain the circuit in detail and its working principle.

Circuit Components:

1. Microcontroller: ATmega328P-PU
2. Voltage Regulator: 7805 (for 5V logic supply)
3. Diodes: 1N4007 (for reverse polarity protection)
4. Relays: 5V DC relay for load and charging control
5. Transistors: BC547B for relay switching
6. LCD Display: 16x2 LCD (for voltage and status display)
7. Push Buttons: For manual control settings
8. Resistors & Capacitors: Various values for stable operation

Circuit Explanation:

The Autocut DC Mini IPS works by monitoring the battery voltage and switching the load and charging circuits accordingly. Below is a detailed breakdown of how each section functions:

1. Power Supply Section:

The battery (12V) is the main power source.

A 7805 voltage regulator converts 12V to 5V, supplying stable voltage to the microcontroller and other components.

Diodes (1N4007) prevent reverse polarity damage.

2. Microcontroller Unit (ATmega328P-PU):

The ATmega328P processes input signals from the battery, load, and electricity sensing circuit.

The microcontroller controls the relays for automatic load and charge switching based on predefined voltage levels.

The system includes push buttons for manual settings and an LCD display for real-time voltage monitoring.

3. Charging Control:

The charging relay is controlled using a BC547 transistor.

When the battery voltage drops below the lower threshold (e.g., 10.6V), the relay activates to start charging.

When the battery reaches the full threshold (e.g., 13.6V), charging is stopped to prevent overcharging.

4. Load Control:

A separate relay is used to switch the DC load ON or OFF.

If the battery voltage is above the low cutoff limit (10.6V), the relay remains ON, allowing power to the load.

If the voltage drops below the set limit, the microcontroller turns off the relay to protect the battery from deep discharge.

The electricity sensing unit ensures that when AC power is available, the load is powered directly and the battery is charged simultaneously.

5. Display and Indicators:

A 16x2 LCD shows voltage levels and system status.

LED indicators signal full charge, low battery, and charging status.

Video Reference:

Conclusion:

This Autocut DC Mini IPS for DC 12V Load ensures efficient battery management, preventing overcharging and deep discharge. The automatic relay switching mechanism enhances the system's reliability, making it ideal for DC fans, routers, LED lights, and other low-power DC appliances.

If you have any questions or need modifications, feel free to ask! 🚀