Ethan Replication bom notes and advancing it Stanley A Meyer PLL Gated Frequency Generator

2.    Where This Board Fits in the Stanley Meyer Gas Management Unit (GMU / GMS)

In Meyer’s architecture, the system is layered, not monolithic.

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High-level Meyer system layers

[Sensors / References]

       ↓

[Frequency & Phase Control]  ← THIS BOARD

       ↓

[Pulse Gating / PWM]

       ↓

[High-Speed Power Switching]

       ↓

[Transformer / Chokes]

       ↓

[Cell (Capacitive Load)]

This PLL board sits above all power electronics and below sensing / reference signals.

It is part of the control intelligence, not the energy delivery hardware.

2. What Feeds INTO This Board

Electrical Inputs

DC power (regulated, clean)

Reference signal (optional, but critical in Meyer’s method)

That reference could be:

A pickup coil

A current-sense signal

A voltage feedback from the cell

An external oscillator or sync source

👉 The key point:

This board listens before it talks.

3. What Feeds OUT of This Board

Electrical Outputs

Low-power, logic-level pulse waveform

Frequency-controlled

Phase-coherent

Optionally gated or locked

These outputs go to:

A PWM gate

A MOSFET driver

A pulse-width controller

A transformer primary driver

❗ It never directly drives:

Chokes

Transformers

Cells

Coils

4. What This Board Actually Does (Functionally)

This board performs three critical control functions:

1. Frequency Generation

It creates a tunable oscillation that can sweep or hold a frequency.

2. Phase Locking

Using the PLL (CD4046), it locks that oscillation to an external reference.

This means:

It can follow resonance

It can track phase shift

It can stay synchronized under load changes

3. Gating / Conditioning

It outputs a clean, controlled pulse suitable for downstream digital or switching logic.

In plain terms:

This board decides when energy is allowed to move, not how much.

5. What It Is NOT Between (Important)

You asked this directly, so here is the clean answer:

❌ It is NOT between:

Transformer and chokes

Cell capacitor and chokes

Any high-current energy path

✅ It IS between:

Sensors / references

PWM logic

Power switching stage

Think control signal chain, not energy chain.

6. How This Becomes the GMS with a Teensy

In a modern system, this entire board collapses into firmware.

What the Teensy replaces

Original Board Function

Teensy Replacement

VCO

Digital timer / DDS

PLL phase comparator

Software PLL

Loop filter

Digital control loop

Gating logic

Interrupt-driven timing

Frequency pots

Encoders / software

A single Teensy 4.x can do all of this with orders of magnitude more precision.

7. Modern Teensy-Based GMS Architecture

Modern GMS Signal Flow

Sensors (voltage, current, phase)

       ↓

Teensy (PLL + timing + logic)

       ↓

High-speed gate driver

       ↓

MOSFET / GaN switches

       ↓

Transformer / Chokes

       ↓

Cell

What the Teensy adds that the old board cannot

Real-time phase measurement

Adaptive resonance tracking

Closed-loop control

Data logging

Safety limits

Repeatability

This is the true Gas Management System concept — dynamic control, not fixed tuning.

8. Why This Board Existed Historically

In the 1980s–90s:

Microcontrollers were slow

DDS chips were rare

PLL ICs were the only practical solution

So Meyer used:

Analog PLLs

Discrete logic

Manual tuning

This board was a hardware workaround for what software now does better.

9. Final Plain-Language Summary

This board is not power hardware

It is frequency + phase control

It sits before MOSFETs, chokes, and transformers

It ensures timing coherence

In a modern system, it is entirely replaced by a Teensy

If the Teensy becomes the GMS:

This board disappears

Its function remains — in code

Control becomes adaptive instead of manual

10. One-Sentence Takeaway

This board was the analog brain of the Meyer system; a Teensy turns that brain into a real-time digital nervous system.

If you want next, I can:

Map exact Teensy pins → gate driver

Write a software PLL concept

Show how to close the loop using cell feedback

Produce a modern GMS block diagram

1. Bill of Materials (BOM)

Based strictly on the silkscreen and topology.

Power Section

Qty

Ref

Value

Description

1

U1

7812

12 V linear regulator

2

C

1000 µF

Bulk smoothing capacitors

2

C

0.1 µF (104)

Regulator bypass

1

C

10 µF

Local decoupling

Core PLL Section

Qty

Ref

Value

Description

2

U2, U3

CD4046

Phase-Locked Loop ICs

2

C

0.1 µF

PLL loop filter

2

C

1 µF

2

C

10 nF

2

C

100 nF

2

C

1000 pF

Frequency Control Network

Qty

Value

Label

2

100 kΩ

Coarse

2

50 kΩ

Medium

2

10 kΩ

Fine

2

1 kΩ

Ultra-Fine

2

Trim pots

Frequency trim

I/O & Signal Conditioning

Qty

Ref

Description

2

BNC

Signal output

2

BNC

Reference / input

1

LED + 220 Ω

Lock indicator

—

TP

Test points

2. What This Board Actually Does (Big Picture)

This is a PLL-gated frequency generator.

It performs three critical jobs:

Generates a precise oscillation

Locks that oscillation to a reference

Outputs a clean, gated pulse signal

This board does NOT drive coils, chokes, or transformers directly.

It is a control brain, not a muscle.

3. How the Circuit Works (Section by Section)

A. 7812 Power Regulation

Creates stable 12 V rail

Prevents frequency drift

Critical for PLL stability

PLL circuits hate noise — this is why regulation matters.

B. CD4046 Phase-Locked Loop (Core)

Each CD4046 contains:

Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO)

Phase Comparator

Lock detection

What it does:

Generates a frequency

Compares it to a reference

Adjusts itself until phase alignment occurs

This allows:

Frequency locking

Harmonic tracking

Resonant matching

C. Frequency Control Network

The coarse → ultra-fine resistor ladder controls:

VCO center frequency

Frequency sweep resolution

Lock bandwidth

This is how you hunt resonance without brute force.

D. Loop Filter Capacitors

These determine:

Lock speed

Stability

Jitter suppression

This is why there are multiple capacitor values — different time constants.

E. Output Stage (BNC SIG OUT)

What comes out:

Clean square or pulse waveform

Phase-stable

Frequency-locked

This output feeds:

A PWM switch

A MOSFET driver

A coil / choke driver stage

4. Where This Board Sits in the System (Very Important)

❌ What it is NOT between

❌ Not between transformer and chokes

❌ Not between cell capacitor and chokes

❌ Not a high-power switch

✅ What it IS between

Reference / Sensor

       ↓

PLL Gated Generator ← (THIS BOARD)

       ↓

PWM / MOSFET Driver

       ↓

Transformer / Chokes / Cell

In other words:

👉 This board controls timing, not power

It decides when and how fast, not how strong.

5. Modern Improvements (2026-Tier)

This board itself does not need MOSFETs, but it feeds them.

However, there are modern upgrades.

A. Replace CD4046 (Optional Modern PLLs)

Modern Part

Advantage

ADF4002 (Analog Devices)

Ultra-low jitter

Si5351 (Silicon Labs)

цифров PLL

LMK03328

Industrial-grade timing

B. Output Conditioning for Modern MOSFETs

Add after this board:

High-speed logic buffer (74LVC1G14)

Dedicated gate driver (UCC27524, TC4427)

Differential output (LVDS) if long cables

C. Best 2026 Switching Devices (Downstream)

This board pairs best with:

Infineon BSC010N04LS

TI CSD18540Q5B

GaN EPC2218

But again — those go on the next board, not this one.

6. What This Board Was Used For (Historically & Practically)

Functionally, this board was used to:

Track resonant points

Phase-lock pulses to an external event

Gate energy delivery

Avoid brute-force overdrive

It enabled precision pulsed systems, not raw power.

7. Practical Summary (Immediate Use)

Use this board when you need:

✔ Frequency locking

✔ Resonant tracking

✔ Phase-coherent pulses

✔ Clean control signals

Do NOT expect it to:

✘ Drive coils

✘ Handle current

✘ Switch power

Final Takeaway (Plain Language)

This board is the conductor of the orchestra, not the instrument.

It sits before:

MOSFETs

Transformers

Chokes

Cells

And its job is to make sure everything downstream fires at exactly the right time.