Introduction

An automated greenhouse control system leverages technology to optimize plant growth conditions. By integrating sensors such as soil moisture, pH, light intensity, temperature, and humidity sensors with a microcontroller like the ESP32, the system can monitor and adjust environmental factors in real-time. This automation ensures optimal plant health, reduces manual labor, and maximizes yield. By automating tasks like watering, lighting, and temperature control, greenhouse operators can achieve consistent and efficient plant growth, leading to higher-quality produce and reduced resource consumption.

For Full Project:

https://electronicsworkshops.com/2024/09/29/automated-greenhouse-control-system-using-esp32/

Objectives

To design and implement an automated greenhouse control system using an ESP32 microcontroller and various sensors to optimize plant growth conditions.

Working Principle

Sensor Readings:

The ESP32 reads data from the sensors:

Soil pH Sensor: Measures the acidity or alkalinity of the soil.

Soil Moisture Sensor: Detects the moisture level in the soil.

LDR: Measures the ambient light intensity.

DHT22: Measures temperature and humidity.

Data Processing:

The ESP32 processes the sensor data to determine if adjustments are needed:

Soil pH: If the pH is not within the optimal range, a notification can be sent, or a pH adjustment solution can be automatically dispensed.

Soil Moisture: If the soil is too dry, the water pump is activated to irrigate the plants. If the soil is too wet, the pump is turned off.

Light Intensity: If the light intensity is low, the greenhouse lights are turned on. If the intensity is high, the lights are turned off.

Temperature and Humidity: The system can control fans, heaters, or humidifiers to maintain optimal temperature and humidity levels.

Actuator Control:

The ESP32 sends control signals to the relays, which in turn activate or deactivate the actuators (e.g., water pump, fan, lights) to adjust the greenhouse environment.

PCB Design

3D Design

Conclusion

The ESP32-based automated greenhouse control system effectively optimizes plant growth by monitoring and adjusting environmental factors. This system enhances efficiency, reduces labor costs, and promotes sustainable agriculture.