DRAM Test Shield for Arduino Uno and Nano

Github link: https://github.com/go4retro/xpander-3IntroductionThe heir-apparent to the CMD EX-3 and EX2+1, the X-Pander 3 opens up a wealth of expansion options for your Commodore 64, SX64, C128, or C128D. Utilize multiple cartridges at once, or easily switch cartridges without removal. The X-Pander 3 offers the following features:3 individually-selectable expansion portspower indicators for each portAbility to swap IO select lines on 2nd and 3rd portseasily accessed piano-style configuration switchestop-loading or back-loading 3rd port.3rd port can accommodate 2 cartridges at the same time*reset switch* Both top and back-loading options for port 3 share a single set of configuration switches, requiring 2 cartridges that can coexist without configuration.RequirementsCommodore C64, C64C, C128, C128D, or SX64Technical DetailsX-Pander 3 creates a “passive” cartridge port “bus”, with switches on the following lines:Power (2 switches)IO1 ($de00-$deff)IO2 ($df00-$dfff)ROML ($8000)ROMH ($a000)EXROMGAMEAdditionally, ports 2 and 3 contain jumpers allowing one to “swap” IO1 and IO2. This can be used to move a peripheral cartridge (like a serial card or ethernet card) normally residing at IO2 to the alternative IO1 position so that it can coexist with the RAM Expansion Unit, which must reside in IO2. Jumpers are provided, but the jumper pins can be removed and replaced with a subminiature DPDT (double pole, doub;e throw) switch.SupportThe unit works exactly like the Creative Micro Designs EX3 (EX2+1) units, so instructions for those units will work equally well with the X-Pander3. Our thanks to Carsten Jensen for creating the X-Pander3 User’s Manual.Expansion port cartridges were not normally designed to coexist with other cartridges. Thus, it is impossible to detail the nearly infinite combinations and whether each works or not. Also, since the “bus” places additional load on the unbuffered expansion port IO lines, cartridges that are susceptible to signal degradation may not work with X-Pander 3, even when installed alone.Some helpful hints:Always insert or remove X-Pander 3 with the system port offClean cartridge contacts before installationSwitches are “on” when depressed. Normally, all switches can be left in the “on” positionIO1/IO2 swap jumpers must be moved as a pairWhile the X-Pander 3 will work with the SX64, its use is discouraged. Unlike the other C64-compatible systems, the SX64 uses a ribbon cable to connect the top loading expansion port with the main system PCB. Ribbon cable degrades signals badly, and can render X-Pander-3 unusable.

Firmware and Kicad project for my USBtoUART/SPI/I2C converter.Based on the popular microcontroller STM32F103RBT6 and a custom PCB board. This project is an embedded software/hardawe solutions that allows you to transfer data from USB to all the main digital interfaces - UART, I2C and SPI. This board will help you to analyze and debug all the main digital and analog IC’s as well as lot of IOT and RF demoboard, saving you the time to develop a custom firmware , or buying expensive data converters.CONTACT FOR INFORMATION AND SAMPLES:enrico.stulin@gmail.comINFORMATION ON FIRMWARE DEVELOPMENT AND HARDWARE:DEVELOPMENT IDE: STM32CubeIDE Version: 1.6.0KICAD VERSION: (5.1.5)-2,release build - 64 bitTOOLCHAIN: GNU Tools for STM32 (9-2020-q2-update)GIT REPO: https://github.com/Stulinaz/STM32F103RB_USB_to_UART_SPI_I2C

Hello,This is a tested and working project.XANTHOS ARCH is a small, simple, DIY, 9 pin game controller for Commodore, Amiga, Atari...Pin 7 is +5 Volt and pin 8 is ground, insulate pin 7 with tape to prevent short circuit!Components:9 pin DB9F 9P D-sub Female Right Angle Connector4 pcs 6x6x5mm 4 pin tactile button2 pcs. 12x12x5mm 4 pin tactile button9-pin gamepad joystick extension cableInsulation TapeGerber files can be changed at any time. Before paying for the PCBs, be sure to update your orders!Use this PCB at your own risk !Have funThank you.

The heart rate monitor is used to measure heartbeats in a minute. It can be useful in many applications like health and fitness. For those who go for workouts daily, it has been easy for them to keep track of their moves and steps with the help of this device. To maintain good health it is important to do the exercise at some target heart rate. This will help in achieving a better health recovery. Heart rate is a crucial factor in identifying how intense your workout is. If you are over-exerting during a workout your heart will alert you by telling your heart rate through this device. There are two ways by which heart rate can be measured:Manual way i.e. by counting the number of pulses passing through a wristAutomatic detection i.e. a sensor that will automatically count the heartbeatsThe manual way is not efficient in measuring the heart rate because there are more chances of human error in it while a heart rate monitor is more efficient to keep the track of the number of pulses passing through a heart during training.I have created my design online on Inventhub where all my design files are available. To avoid errors in the dimensions of symbols and footprints, I have shared all my component's symbols, dimensions, and footprints online. For the fabrication of the board, I have uploaded my list of components i.e. BOM(Bill of Material), and the release file of my project online to get connected with my manufacturer and components provider instead of visiting him. Through this, it has been easy for me to design my board.

Guitar amps and/or speakers tend to emphasize extremely high frequencies, the Defizzerator can be used to roll off extreme highs after any pedals or buffers, in the effects loop of an amplifier, or even in a pedal switcher. It can also help an amp sound like it's cranked when using it at 'bedroom' volumes.The Defizzerator is a simple low-impedance passive EQ with 3 frequencies Fizz 10.6khz, Buzz 4.2khz, and Crackle 2.5khz, are generally higher than a typical Tone or High EQ, so it's useful for really fine tuning the fizz.THE ZAP CONTROL IS NOT ACTIVE FOR THE FIZZ SETTING, THIS IS NORMAL OPERATION.The pedal is a low impedance design, so it doesn't add any noise, but of course cables shouldn't be long and wrapped near transformers or power supply lumps to avoid adding any ground loops. This is especially important if using it with an amp, since you shouldn't place it above the power transformer end of the amp (usually near the power switch and line cord).Since the Defizzerator is passive, you simply patch it in and turn it down.Also try setting it dramatically and then turn the pedal or amp's tone up more for a different quality high end. Lower settings of the lower frequencies, Buzz and Crackle, might start to reduce the volume some, mostly due to the lack of highs, so you might have to make that up by turning up your pedal or amp's volume a bit - but this is a simple solution that requires no batteries, and you can just keep one in your gig bag to fix any scratchy backline.1.925 X 1.075 INCHES.TOGGLE TO POT SPACING 1.3 INCHES.

Uma estrela de Natal 3D de duas PCBs feita para ser colocada em cima da sua árvore de Natal. Brilhando com ajuda de 40 LEDs RGB WS2812B para levar os FPS de sua árvore para os céus, e um humilde ESP-01 em seu coracao para trazer mais felicidade ao seu Natal.Suporta uma tensao de 5V a 12V gracas aos reguladores de tencao TLV1117;A placa Master pode funcionar independentemente da placa Slave;LEDs controlados pelo pino GPIO0;PCB de 1.2mm a 1.4mm de espessura.Projeto e mais detalhes no GitHub D1360-64RC14/RGB-Christmas-StarLista de Compras Mouser#JuliaLabsPCBChallenge #XMas2021

[ Pt-Br]Mini GuirlandaUma PCB decorativa de natal com led vermelho piscante desenvolvida para o Julialabs PCB Chanllange 2021.O circuito é muito simples e fácil de explicar para fins didáticos.Fiz o projeto usando apenas componentes PTH para facilitar o processo de soldagem.Precisa de uma bateria CR2032.lista de componentes no site da Mouserhttps://br.mouser.com/ProjectManager/ProjectDetail.aspx?AccessID=987a9b0efa#JULIALABSPCBCHALLENGE #xmas2021[en-us]Mini christmas wreathIt's a Christmas decoration PCB with red blinking led developed for the Julialabs PCB Chanllange 2021.The circuit is very simple and easy to explain for didatical proposes.I made the project using only PTH components so the soldering process is easier.It needs a CR2032 battery.List of components on Mouser websitehttps://br.mouser.com/ProjectManager/ProjectDetail.aspx?AccessID=987a9b0efa#JULIALABSPCBCHALLENGE #xmas2021

InstructionsWe used this PCB as part of an educational workshop about electronics. The instructions and exercises for the students are in the folder edu_resources. Unfortunately they are just available in German for now. Feel free to translate them and file a pull-request.PartsYou can find a list of the required parts in the 1-click-BOM.csv file. It lists all the respective products at part resellers. However, for some standard parts such as the 5 mm LEDs and the switches you might want to consider buying them in bulk from another supplier because it'll be much cheaper.Find more information here: https://github.com/oberlab/xmas-badge/

Allows you to use a Raspberry Pi Zero to output a perfect digital image via HDMI. The pixel clock is derived in a very different way to other implementations which means no Denise / Super Denise jumper and no "sparkling" pixels.The newer v2.1 is designed to be easier to build and easier for the user to install, with the Pi facing the rear of the Amiga so that the HDMI can be plugged directly into it.For BOM and software / firmware setup details please see the README file here: https://github.com/LinuxJedi/AmigaRGBtoHDMI/tree/main/Amiga2000CPLDSlot

Couple of months ago, I bought a "Raspberry Pi Pico" to get some hands-on experience of it and to create some amazing projects using it. But since then, it has just been sitting on my desk, collecting dust. Today after a very long wait, I finally have decided to create a short video tutorial to show you guys how to get started with the Raspberry Pi Pico.Topics Covered In this tutorial, I am going to discuss:1. What is a Raspberry Pi Pico?2. The technical specifications of the board3. How to program Pico using C/C++ and MicroPython a. Programming Raspberry Pi Pico using "Arduino IDE" i. Preparing the Arduino IDE ii. Loading the Blink Example iii. Demo b. Programming Raspberry Pi Pico using "Tonny Python IDE" i. Installing MicroPython on Pico ii. Installing Tonny Python IDE iii. Loading the Blink Example iv. Demo4. Difference between Raspberry Pi Pico and Arduino5. Advantages and Disadvantages of this boardWhat is Raspberry Pi Pico?Raspberry Pi Pico is a low-cost microcontroller. It can be used to control other electronic modules and sensors same as any other microcontroller.Pico is not a Linux single board computer, rather it is a microcontroller like Arduino. Since, its a microcontroller it doesn't come with all the overheads that a computer brings and hence consumes much less current. actually it is more like Arduino than Raspberry Pi.Pico is not a rival of Raspberry Pi Zero, it actually can work in conjunction with the regular Pi's.Pico is breadboard friendly and has 40 GPIO pins operating at 3.3v (20 on each side). It has a Dual-Core ARM Cortex M0+ processor. Pico's brain - the RP2040 microcontroller chip is designed by Raspberry Pi in United Kingdom. It can be powered either via the micro USB port, or via the VSYS GPIO pin by providing voltage between the range of 1.8V to 5.5V.Technical Specifications of PicoRaspberry Pi Pico is absolutely different from all other Raspberry Pi models. Pico is one of the first microcontrollers to use the RP2040 "Pi Silicon" processor. It is a custom "System on Chip" (SoC) developed by the Raspberry Pi team in UK which features a dual core Arm Cortex M0+ processor running at 133 MHz, 264KB of SRAM and 2MB of flash memory for storing files on it. Specifications:- Microcontroller: RP2040 designed by Raspberry Pi in the UK- Processor: Dual-Core Arm Cortex-M0+ processor, flexible clock running up to 133 MHz- Input power: 1.8 - 5.5 V DC- Operating temperature: -20°C to +85°C- Dimensions: 51.0 x 21.0 mm - Onboard Sensors: Temperature Sensor- Memory: 264KB of on-chip internal SRAM and can support up to 16MB of off-chip Flash 2MB on-board QSPI Flash (Adafruit's Feather RP2040, features 16MB of storage)- GPIO: It has 40 GPIO through-hole pins also with edge castellation- 26 × multi-function 3.3V GPIO pins, which includes 3 analogue inputs (The Analog inputs is something other Raspberry Pi's lack. They use variable voltages to connect to devices like a potentiometers, joystick or a LDR) - 2 × SPI, 2 × I2C, 2 × UART, 3 × 12-bit ADC, 16 × controllable PWM channels- 8 × Programmable I/O (PIO) state machines for custom peripheral support that can offload many kinds of timing-critical processes from the CPU - Other Features:- 1 × Contains 1 × USB 1.1 controller and PHY, with host and device support- Accurate clock and timer on-chip - Low-Power sleep and dormant modes- Accelerated integer and floating-point libraries on-chip- Works with Windows, Mac, Linux machines and Raspberry Pi Computers- Provides drag-and-drop programming using mass storage over USBThe one biggest disadvantage of the Raspberry Pi Pico is that there is no WiFi or Bluetooth on it. ESP32 and ESP8266 which you can buy for similar price comes with WiFi and Bluetooth (ESP32). Surely we can add wireless connectivity via external components, however that would require a little bit more knowledge and experience to get it working.Since Pico is not a computer, we need to write our codes on a different machine using an external application and then "flash" the code onto the microcontroller over USB.Pinout Diagram: Here is the top view of the pinouts on the Raspberry Pi Pico. The pin-labels are on the bottom side of the board.How to program Pico using C/C++ and MicroPythonPi Foundation officially supports MicroPython and C/C++, however high-level programming language like CircuitPython (A fork of MicroPython created by Adafruit), and Drag and Drop Python Editor like Pico Piper which adds further enhancements and can be used to program the Pico boards.Programming Raspberry Pi Pico using Arduino IDEPython and C/C++ are both great for programming Picos. However, being able to program a Pico just like an Arduino would help us to integrate the Pico into the Arduino ecosystem. One of the best reasons to do this is because of the availability of libraries to integration of modules, sensors, and other complex stuff without having to write the entire code from scratch.i. Preparing the Arduino IDETo start, let go to Tools > Boards > Boards Manager and search for "Pico", select "Arduino Mbed OS RP2040 Boards" and hit the install button.Connect the micro USB cable to the Pico and then press and hold the "BOOTSEL" button before plugging the USB cable into the computer. Release BOOTSEL once the drive RPI-RP2 appears on your computer.Now, go to Tools > Port and you will now be able to see the number of the COM Port.ii. Loading the Blink ExampleGo to Files > Examples > Basics > Blink and click on Upload, this will load the code to the Pico board.iii. DemoAfter the IDE finished uploading the code, you will see the Pico's onboard LED blinking.You can now use your Pico like an Arduino and program it using the Arduino IDE.Programming Raspberry Pi Pico using Tonny Python IDEYou can program your Pico using MicroPython by connecting it to a computer via USB and then dragging and dropping files to it.i. Installing MicroPython on PicoInstallation of MicroPython on Pico requires a "UF2" file to be copied onto it. A UF2 file is a "binary data file" which contains a program that can be transferred from a PC to a microcontroller, such as an Arduino or Pico circuit board. To load MicroPython on Pico:1. Download "MicroPython UF2 file" from the link provided in the description below.2. Connect the micro USB cable to the Pico and then press and hold the "BOOTSEL" button before plugging the USB cable into the computer. Release BOOTSEL once the drive RPI-RP2 appears on your computer.3. Drag and drop the UF2 file onto the RPI-RP2 volume. 4. Your Pico will reboot. That's it, you are now running MicroPython on your Pico.ii. Installing Tonny Python IDETo write code and save files to Pico we are going to use the "Thonny Python IDE". Thonny comes with built-in Python 3.7, so just one simple installer is what you need to learn programming. To get started:1. Download and install "Thonny" free from the Thonny website for your version of OS. The website's link is in the description below. Note: If you are running "Raspberry Pi OS" then Thonny is already installed on it, but may need to update it to the latest versionsudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y2. Connect the Raspberry Pi Pico to your computer. Then, in Thonny go to Tools > Options and click on the "Interpreter" tab. From the interpreter dropdown list select "MicroPython (Raspberry Pi Pico)". The port dropdown menu can be left to "automatically detect the Pico". Click "OK" to close. 3. A Python Shell called "REPL" (Read, Eval, Print, Loop) will popup to show that the Pico is connected and working.iii. Loading the Blink Example1. Click in the main editor pane of Thonny and enter the following code to toggle the onboard LED.from machine import Pin, Timerled = Pin(25, Pin.OUT)timer = Timer()def blink(timer):led.toggle() timer.init(freq=2.5, mode=Timer.PERIODIC, callback=blink)2. Click the "Run" button to execute the code. 3. Thonny will ask whether you want to save the file on "This computer" or the "MicroPython device". Choose "MicroPython device". Enter "blink.py" as the file name. Make sure you enter ".py" as the file extension so that Thonny recognizes it as a Python file. iv. DemoYou should now see the onboard LED switching between on and off until you click the Stop button.Difference between Raspberry Pi Pico and Arduino* Before Raspberry Pi Pico, Raspberry Pi has always been know for their single board computers. However, in 2021 Raspberry Pi Foundation stepped a few steps forward and launched the Raspberry Pi Pico giving a head-to-head challenge to Arduino and all other board based microcontrollers.* Arduino was first introduced in 2005 and since then Millions of Arduino Units have been sold in the market. Compared to that, the response Pico received after its initial launch in 2021 is absolutely mind-blowing.* Both units are made for automating applications that don’t involve human intervention. * Pico can be used alone or in combination with Arduino for Automation and AI purposes. * Both modules are different in terms of power consumption, value, functionality, and price.* Pico boards come unsoldered however Arduino comes pre-soldered or unsoldered.* Pico module supports MicroPython and C/C++, while Arduino codes are written in C/C++ using Arduino.IDE.So which one to go for… Pico or Arduino?Advantages and DisadvantagesNow lets have a look at the Pros and Cons of this microcontroller board.Advantages: * Raspberry Pi Pico is cheap, very small, and easy to use microcontroller * Pico is a dual core device coupled to a high-performance bus matrix, which means its both cores can give you the full performance concurrently * Pico consumes very low power * Pico is a breadboard friendly * Pico can be programmed using C/C++ and MicroPython * Pico can be programmed using Arduino IDE * Pico has 26 × multi-function 3.3V GPIO pins (23 Digital + 3 Analogue) * Pico comes with 8 x Programmable IO (PIO) and 2 x Analog Inputs * Pico boots quickly and doesn’t require a safe shutdownDisadvantages: * Pico completely lacks WiFi and Bluetooth without any add-ons * It lacks the GPIO markings on the top side of the board * The board comes unsoldered so you will have to solder the header pins or surface mount it to use it in your project * GPIO pins are 3.3V, which could be seen as a disadvantage, however devises designed for 5V can still be used with 3V via a voltage divider or a logic level converter. * Pico still uses micro-USB port. While many other microcontrollers have moved to USB-C, Pico is still coming with the micro-USB portIf you have a Windows, Apple, Linux or even a Raspberry Pi, then you are already well in your way to program the small, cute, and gorgeous Raspberry Pi Pico in your next project. I bet, there must be a lot of project ideas going in your mind, so get your supplies and start coding. And, what are you waiting for???ThanksThanks again for checking my post. I hope it helps you.If you want to support me subscribe to my YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/user/tarantula3Blog Posts: https://diyfactory007.blogspot.com/2022/01/getting-started-with-raspberry-pi-pico.htmlVideo: https://youtu.be/vO_2XWJDF70Other Resources:RP2040 Datasheet : https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2040/rp2040-datasheet.pdfHardware design with RP2040 : https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rp2040/hardware-design-with-rp2040.pdfRaspberry Pi Pico Datasheet : https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/pico-datasheet.pdfGetting started with Raspberry Pi Pico : https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/getting-started-with-pico.pdfMicroPython UF2 : https://micropython.org/download/rp2-pico/rp2-pico-latest.uf2Thonny website : https://thonny.org/Piper Make: https://make.playpiper.com/CircuitPython 7.1.0: https://circuitpython.org/board/raspberry_pi_pico/Support My Work:BTC: 1M1PdxVxSTPLoMK91XnvEPksVuAa4J4dDpLTC: MQFkVkWimYngMwp5SMuSbMP4ADStjysstmDOGE: DDe7Fws24zf7acZevoT8uERnmisiHwR5stETH: 0x939aa4e13ecb4b46663c8017986abc0d204cde60BAT: 0x939aa4e13ecb4b46663c8017986abc0d204cde60LBC: bZ8ANEJFsd2MNFfpoxBhtFNPboh7PmD7M2Thanks, ca again in my next tutorial.

See the documentation on GitHub and the following Instructable:https://www.instructables.com/IV-Swinger-2-PCB-PV-Module-FETThe IV Swinger is an IV curve tracer for photovoltaic solar panels. Both the hardware design and the software are open source.This GitHub repository contains the IV Swinger documentation, software and open source licensing files.IV Swinger 2 is here! It is much smaller, cheaper and easier to build, and better than the original in almost every way. Step-by-step construction instructions are included in the repository,All IV Swinger 2 documentation is now available:IV Swinger 2: User GuideIV Swinger 2: Optional Environmental SensorsIV Swinger 2: Design and Theory of OperationIV Swinger 2: Step-by-step Construction (for each variant)Fritzing filesPCB schematicsBills of materials (BOMs) for each variantYouTube demo videos (IV Swinger 2):YouTube demo video (IV Swinger):

Hi, I'm a Rudolph and you know me from Santa's Stories, and I'm here to help him to bring messages from all around the world directly to your Christmas tree.Nowadays with some travel restrictions, Santa's asked me some genial Ideas to make happier people, and looking at my desk I found some DIY materials and with some effort, I've created my first IoT device (I'm fancy). Let me show "my precious":I've got an Espressif MCU called ESP32 (in Node32s dev board) and an Oled display (SSD1309) with 2.4" and 128x64 pixels, some headers, and a cool PCB (did you like?) that works with a Firmware that can connect to the Internet and receive messages from a Twitter account and show on the screen.First, you will need to configure Internet Connection, and after you will be guided to get your Twitter API credentials and spread two the world how all the universe can send a graceful message directly to your Christmas tree.All this hard work make me tired, and you know, in a few months I need to help Santa again, the Firmware code is an Open Source art of code, and you are invited to help Santa too, come with us spread happiness around the world#JULIALABSPCBCHALLENGE e #xmas2021https://github.com/kadu/rudolph-iot