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RF Module 433MHZ | Make Receiver and Transmitter From 433MHZ RF Module Without Any Microcontroller
These days, the term wireless is very much hyped! Whenever we hear the term wireless, stuffs like Mobile telecommunication (GSM), Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RF Communication, Wireless networks, Zigbee, I2C, SPI, DTMF, 802.11b, SimpliciTI etc etc etc. Well, fortunately or unfortunately, all of these protocols can be interfaced with a microcontroller in one way or the other. But what matters is the level of complexity.
To start off, for beginners, RF (Radio Frequency) Communication is the most preferred and low cost solution. All you need is a RF Module (Transmitter-Receiver Pair). Now, that’s not all. RF Communication works on the principle of Serial Communication. Thus, you need something which converts the conventional n-bit (4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, etc) data into serial data. For this, we have two choices:
Use a microcontroller to convert the n-bit data into serial data and vice-versa
Use serial encoders/decoders to do the same
Since the title of the post says that we shouldn’t use microcontrollers, the only option left for us is to use the encoder/decoder.
RF Communication Block Diagram
A general RF communication block diagram is shown above. Since most of the encoders/decoders/microcontrollers are TTL compatible, most of the inputs by the user will be given in TTL logic level. Thus, this TTL input is to be converted into serial data input using an encoder or a microcontroller. This serial data can be directly read using the RF Transmitter, which then performs ASK (in some cases FSK) modulation on it and transmit the data through the antenna.
In the receiver side, the RF Receiver receives the modulated signal through the antenna, performs all kinds of processing, filtering, demodulation, etc and gives out a serial data. This serial data is then converted to a TTL level logic data, which is the same data that the user has input.
So now, let’s look into the hardware that are required.
RF Module
RF Modules are used wireless transfer data. This makes them most suitable for remote control applications, as in where you need to control some machines or robots without getting in touch with them (may be due to various reasons like safety, etc). Now depending upon the type of application, the RF module is chosen. For short range wireless control applications, an ASK RF Transmitter-Receiver Module of frequency 315 MHz or 433 MHz is most suitable. They are quite compact and cheap!
The RF transmitter with and a good antenna can sent data up to 500 ft (outdoor and no osbtacles)
The operation voltage of RF transmitter is : (3.3v - 5 v)
The operation voltage of RF receiver is: (5v - 9v).
The operation voltage of RF transmitter is : (3.3v - 5 v)
PINOUT OF HT12E (ENCODER)
Pin 1-8: Asignement of receiver direction, it mean it can changing of adresses for comunication individualy if is needed
9. VSS connected to GND
10-13. AD in this pins is for to transmiting data of 3 bits (in our case to the receptor)
14. Transmission enable, it can be done connecting this pin to GND
15-16. In this ports it have to put a "oscillation resistor" very very important use the value of 1 M ohm
17. This pin have to be connected to Data pin of our 433 Mhz RF transmitter.
18. This pin goes connected to VCC or our positive terminal of our power supply or battery
The HT12E Encoder ICs are series of CMOS LSIs for Remote Control system applications. They are capable of Encoding 12 bit of information which consists of N address bits and 12-N data bits. Each address/data input is externally trinary programmable if bonded out.
HT12E Pin
The HT12D Decoder ICs are series of CMOS LSIs for remote control system applications. This ICs are paired with each other. For proper operation a pair of encoder/decoder with the same number of address and data format should be selected. The Decoder receive the serial address and data from its corresponding encoder, transmitted by a carrier using an RF transmission medium and gives output to the output pins after processing the data.
Features – Encoder
18 PIN DIP
Operating Voltage : 2.4V ~ 12V
Low Power and High Noise Immunity
CMOS Technology
Low Standby Current and Minimum Transmission Word
Built-in Oscillator needs only 5% Resistor
Easy Interface with and RF or an Infrared transmission medium
Minimal External Components
HT12D Pin
Features – Decoder
18 PIN DIP
Operating Voltage : 2.4V ~ 12.0V
Low Power and High Noise Immunity
CMOS Technology
Low Stand by Current
Ternary address setting
Capable of Decoding 12 bits of Information
8 ~ 12 Address Pins and 0 ~ 4 Data Pins
Received Data are checked 2 times, Built in Oscillator needs only 5% resistor
VT goes high during a valid transmission
Easy Interface with an RF of IR transmission medium
For short range wireless control applications, an ASK RF Transmitter-Receiver Module of frequency 315 MHz or 433 MHz is most suitable. They are quite compact and cheap!
RF Module 433MHZ | Make Receiver and Transmitter From 433MHZ RF Module Without Any Microcontroller
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